The agronomic performance and artemisinin content of colchicine-induced polyploid genotypes Artemisia cina

Artemisinin is a secondary metabolite contained in the potential genus Artemisia as an antimalarial. Artemisia cina Berg ex Poljakov is a species from Artemisia that grows as a weed in Indonesia and contains artemisinin. The problem is that the artemisinin content in A. cina is minimal. The efforts must be made to increase the content. Clone improvement through breeding through genetic manipulation and enhancement of technical culture are the strategies that can use to improve the artemisinin content of A. cina. The purpose of this study was to determine the agronomic performance of nine A. cina polyploid genotypes (genotypes A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I) obtained from polyploidy induction using colchicines. The results of this study showed that leaf area and chlorophyll content were not significantly different among genotypes.In contrast, shoot dry weight, and plant height showed that I genotype was significantly higher than other genotypes. Glandular trichomes density of genotype was more elevated than different genotypes. Genotypes F, H, I had high artemisinin content compared to other genotypes. The genotype I showed higher artemisinin weight than other genotypes. Key Word: Genotype, colchicines, agronomic character, artemisinin.