Anopheles arabiensis hotspots along intermittent rivers drive malaria dynamics in semi-arid areas of Central Ethiopia

被引:11
作者
Eba, Kasahun [1 ,2 ]
Habtewold, Tibebu [3 ]
Yewhalaw, Delenasaw [4 ,5 ]
Christophides, George K. [3 ]
Duchateau, Luc [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Ghent, Fac Vet Med, Biometr Res Ctr, Merelbeke, Belgium
[2] Jimma Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci & Technol, POB 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
[3] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, London, England
[4] Jimma Univ, Sch Med Lab Sci, POB 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
[5] Jimma Univ, Trop & Infect Dis Res Ctr, POB 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
关键词
Clusters; Ethiopia; Intermittent rivers; Malaria; Seasonal dynamics; Transmission intensity; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTION; BLOOD-FEEDING BEHAVIOR; INSECTICIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; INOCULATION RATES; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; DRY SEASON; TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS; GAMBIAE;
D O I
10.1186/s12936-021-03697-z
中图分类号
R51 [传染病];
学科分类号
100401 ;
摘要
BackgroundUnderstanding malaria vector's population dynamics and their spatial distribution is important to define when and where the largest infection risks occur and implement appropriate control strategies. In this study, the seasonal spatio-temporal dynamics of the malaria vector population and transmission intensity along intermittent rivers in a semi-arid area of central Ethiopia were investigated.MethodsMosquitoes were collected monthly from five clusters, 2 close to a river and 3 away from a river, using pyrethrum spray catches from November 2014 to July 2016. Mosquito abundance was analysed by the mixed Poisson regression model. The human blood index and sporozoite rate was compared between seasons by a logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 2784 adult female Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) were collected during the data collection period. All tested mosquitoes (n=696) were identified as Anopheles arabiensis by polymerase chain reaction. The average daily household count was significantly higher (P=0.037) in the clusters close to the river at 5.35 (95% CI 2.41-11.85) compared to the clusters away from the river at 0.033 (95% CI 0.02-0.05). Comparing the effect of vicinity of the river by season, a significant effect of closeness to the river was found during the dry season (P=0.027) and transition from dry to wet season (P=0.032). Overall, An. arabiensis had higher bovine blood index (62.8%) as compared to human blood index (23.8%), ovine blood index (9.2%) and canine blood index (0.1%). The overall sporozoite rate was 3.9% and 0% for clusters close to and away from the river, respectively. The overall Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax entomologic inoculation rates for An. arabiensis in clusters close to the river were 0.8 and 2.2 infective bites per person/year, respectively.ConclusionMosquito abundance and malaria transmission intensity in clusters close to the river were higher which could be attributed to the riverine breeding sites. Thus, vector control interventions including targeted larval source management should be implemented to reduce the risk of malaria infection in the area.
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页数:8
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