Electrolytic characteristics of asymmetric alkyl carbonates solvents for lithium batteries

被引:23
作者
Geoffroy, I
Chagnes, A
Carré, B
Lemordant, D
Biensan, P
Herreyre, S
机构
[1] Univ Tours, Fac Sci & Tech, Lab Physicochim Interfaces & Milieux Reactionnels, F-37200 Tours, France
[2] SAFT, Direct Rech, F-33074 Bordeaux, France
关键词
organic electrolyte; viscosity; conductivity; lithium battery; asymmetric alkylcarbonate;
D O I
10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00362-2
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Asymmetric alkyl carbonate solvents (ACS) have been used as components of liquid electrolyte systems designed for Li-ion cells. Four ACS were selected: methyl-propyl carbonate (MPC), ethyl-propyl carbonate (EPC), methyl-isopropyl carbonate (MiPC) and ethyl-isopropyl carbonate (EiPC). The common features of all these ACS are a low melting point and a low viscosity, enhancing electrolytes conductivity toward low temperatures. The viscosity and the conductivity (salt: LiPF6, 1 M) of the ACS and their mixtures with ethylene carbonate (EC, 50% v/v), were studied as a function of the temperature (7). Arrhenius types plots of the logarithm of the conductivity versus 1/T reveals that ACS and ACS/EC mixtures are vitreous at low temperatures. The electrochemical and cycling behaviors of a graphite anode and a LiCoO2 cathode have been evaluated using coin cells with a Li counter electrode. The charge and discharge capacities have been determined as a function of the cycle number. MiPC which builds an highly stable surface film on the graphite electrode, can be used as a single-solvent electrolyte with only a slight decrease in capacity of the LiCoO2 cathode. All ACS/EC mixtures exhibit good filming properties at the negative electrode and no capacity loose at the positive electrode. The ability of some of the electrodes-electrolyte systems to undergo increased rates of discharge (C/5 to C/2) has been also evaluated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:191 / 198
页数:8
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