Gut bacteria mediate aggregation in the German cockroach

被引:154
作者
Wada-Katsumata, Ayako [1 ,2 ]
Zurek, Ludek [3 ]
Nalyanya, Godfrey [1 ,2 ]
Roelofs, Wendell L. [4 ,5 ]
Zhang, Aijun [6 ]
Schal, Coby [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
[2] N Carolina State Univ, WM Keck Ctr Behav Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
[3] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[4] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
[5] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA
[6] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr West, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
gut bacteria; aggregation; pheromone; cockroach; communication; VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; BLATTELLA-GERMANICA; L DICTYOPTERA; PHEROMONE; ATTRACTANT; WOLBACHIA; SYMBIONTS; INSECTS; LARVAE; FRASS;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1504031112
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Aggregation of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is regulated by fecal aggregation agents (pheromones), including volatile carboxylic acids (VCAs). We demonstrate that the gut microbial community contributes to production of these semiochemicals. Chemical analysis of the fecal extract of B. germanica revealed 40 VCAs. Feces from axenic cockroaches (no microorganisms in the alimentary tract) lacked 12 major fecal VCAs, and 24 of the remaining compounds were represented at extremely low amounts. Olfactory and aggregation bioassays demonstrated that nymphs strongly preferred the extract of control feces over the fecal extract of axenic cockroaches. Additionally, nymphs preferred a synthetic blend of 6 fecal VCAs over a solvent control or a previously identified VCA blend. To test whether gut bacteria contribute to the production of fecal aggregation agents, fecal aerobic bacteria were cultured, isolated, and identified. Inoculation of axenic cockroaches with individual bacterial taxa significantly rescued the aggregation response to the fecal extract, and inoculationwith a mix of six bacterial isolates wasmore effective than with single isolates. The results indicate that the commensal gut microbiota contributes to production of VCAs that act as fecal aggregation agents and that cockroaches discriminate among the complex odors that emanate froma diverse microbial community. Our results highlight the pivotal role of gut bacteria in mediating insect- insect communication. Moreover, because the gut microbial community reflects the local environment, local plasticity in fecal aggregation pheromones enables colony-specific odors and fidelity to persistent aggregation sites.
引用
收藏
页码:15678 / 15683
页数:6
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