Necessity or Opportunity? The Effects of State Fragility and Economic Development on Entrepreneurial Efforts

被引:166
作者
Ernesto Amoros, Jose [1 ,4 ]
Ciravegna, Luciano [2 ,3 ]
Mandakovic, Vesna [4 ]
Stenholm, Pekka [5 ]
机构
[1] Tecnol Monterrey, EGADE Business Sch, Av Carlos Lazo 100, Mexico City 01389, DF, Mexico
[2] Univ London, Kings Coll, Dept Int Dev, London, England
[3] INCAE, Nicaragua, Costa Rica
[4] Univ Desarrollo, Sch Business & Econ, Santiago, Chile
[5] Univ Turku, Turku Sch Econ, Entrepreneurship Unit, Turku, Finland
关键词
institutional theory; government policy; regulation; necessity based entrepreneurship; COMMERCIAL MICROFINANCE; INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT; SELF-EMPLOYMENT; POVERTY; GROWTH; DETERMINANTS; MONITOR;
D O I
10.1177/1042258717736857
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
This paper studies the effects of state fragility and economic development on necessity and opportunity-based individual entrepreneurial efforts. We contribute to the literature on the contextual determinants of entrepreneurship by examining multilevel data on 956,925 individuals from 51 countries for the period of 2005-2013. We show that state fragility has a positive effect on necessity-based entrepreneurial efforts while hindering opportunity-based efforts. Our findings illustrate that the level of economic development moderates the relationship between state fragility and necessity-driven entrepreneurial efforts reducing the likelihood of the latter. We discuss the implications for theory and for proentrepreneurship policy.
引用
收藏
页码:725 / 750
页数:26
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