Evaluation of sexual dysfunction in female patients presenting with faecal incontinence or defecation disorder

Female patients with pelvic floor diseases may suffer from several sexual disorders and sexual life impairments. The aim of this manuscript was to evaluate sexual dysfunction in female patients presenting with faecal incontinence (FI) and defecation disorder (DD). A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively collected database of sexually active women referred to the pelvic floor clinic, who completed the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12 (PISQ-12) at first visit. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate and compare sexual dysfunction between patients with FI and DD and with published data on the general population. Regression analysis was used to identify predictors of sexual dysfunction and surgery. Three hundred thirteen patients were included, 192 (61%) with FI and 121 (39%) with DD. The patients with DD received more non-gynaecological surgical procedures (p = 0.023). More patients with DD received surgery for their current pelvic floor disease (p < 0.001). Major sexual impairment (PISQ-12 < 30) was found in 100 patients (31.9%). The mean PISQ-12 (33.2 +/- 7.2) score was by 5 points lower than those reported in the general population from PISQ-validating studies. Prior anorectal surgery (odds ratio (OR) = 15.4), partner ejaculation problems (PISQ item 11, OR = 2.5), reduced sexual arousal (item 2, OR = 2.1), and orgasm perception (item 13, OR = 2.1) were the strongest predictors of worse sexual function in patients with FI. Patients with DD were almost 15 times more likely to receive subsequent surgery (OR = 14.6, p < 0.001), whereas fear of urine leakage almost doubled the risk. Sexual dysfunction is prevalent among patients suffering from FI and DD, and questionnaires are useful in recognizing these patients. Subsequent surgery is more common for patients with DD compared to those with FI.