A low-cost soldering process-based on solid-liquid-inter-diffusion (SOLID)-for low-stress 3D-interconnects will be presented. The simple Cu(Ag)Sn metallurgy enables corrosion resistant contacts with a high melting point and excellent reliability performance. The paper, focussing on material aspects, will comprise a detailed presentation of the process flow, electrical characteristics, reliability assessment and a comparison with standard 3D interconnect approaches. The present available results confirm production readiness of the technology. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.