Estimation of vibration amplitudes for resonating sensors immersed in liquids

For a lot of vibrating sensors operating in liquids, it is difficult to accurately model the displacement amplitude exerted at the interface to the liquid. The presented approach provides an estimate by relating the power in the radiation resistance of the transducer's equivalent circuit to the acoustic radiation into the liquid. The only prerequisite for the application of the method is that a dominantly shear or normally polarized mode is present and that an effective area characterizing interaction between transducer and liquid can be estimated.