Impact of Surface Chemistry of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Structural and Electrochemical Properties of Si/Ni3.4Sn4 Composite Anode for Li-Ion Batteries

被引:3
|
作者
Azib, Tahar [1 ]
Thaury, Claire [1 ,2 ]
Cuevas, Fermin [1 ]
Leroy, Eric [1 ]
Jordy, Christian [2 ]
Marx, Nicolas [3 ]
Latroche, Michel [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, F-94320 Thiais, France
[2] SAFT Batteries, 113 Bd Alfred Daney, F-33074 Bordeaux, France
[3] Umicore, Watertorenstr 33, B-2250 Olen, Belgium
关键词
Li-ion batteries; anodes; intermetallics; silicon; composites; nanomaterials; coating; mechanochemistry;
D O I
10.3390/nano11010018
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Embedding silicon nanoparticles in an intermetallic matrix is a promising strategy to produce remarkable bulk anode materials for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries with low potential, high electrochemical capacity and good cycling stability. These composite materials can be synthetized at a large scale using mechanical milling. However, for Si-Ni3Sn4 composites, milling also induces a chemical reaction between the two components leading to the formation of free Sn and NiSi2, which is detrimental to the performance of the electrode. To prevent this reaction, a modification of the surface chemistry of the silicon has been undertaken. Si nanoparticles coated with a surface layer of either carbon or oxide were used instead of pure silicon. The influence of the coating on the composition, (micro)structure and electrochemical properties of Si-Ni3Sn4 composites is studied and compared with that of pure Si. Si coating strongly reduces the reaction between Si and Ni3Sn4 during milling. Moreover, contrary to pure silicon, Si-coated composites have a plate-like morphology in which the surface-modified silicon particles are surrounded by a nanostructured, Ni3Sn4-based matrix leading to smooth potential profiles during electrochemical cycling. The chemical homogeneity of the matrix is more uniform for carbon-coated than for oxygen-coated silicon. As a consequence, different electrochemical behaviors are obtained depending on the surface chemistry, with better lithiation properties for the carbon-covered silicon able to deliver over 500 mAh/g for at least 400 cycles.
引用
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页码:1 / 14
页数:14
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