Intelligence, human capital and HIV/AIDS: Fresh exploration

This study complements existing literature on the relationship between HIV/AIDS and human capital by introducing previously unexplored indicators and more robust empirical strategies. The overarching purpose is to assess whether previous findings on the relationship withstand empirical scrutiny when alternative indicators and methodologies are employed. Four main HIV/AIDS measurements are regressed on intelligence for a maximum of 195 cross-sectional averages over the past decade. The empirical evidence is based on OLS, IWLS and 2SLS. The following findings are established. First, human capital decreases HIV prevalence, with a higher magnitude on Women's share of population aged 15 and above living with HIV. This implies improving average human capital levels across communities may be more beneficial to girls above the age of 15 living with HIV. The relatively similar negative magnitudes across other dependent variables implies that increasing human capital decreases deaths from HIV/AIDS by almost the same rate at which it reduces infections to the disease. Moreover, the HIV infection rate in children between the ages of 0 and 14 does not significantly change with improvements in human capital. More policy implications are discussed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.