Antiurolithiatic activity of Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman (wild banana) pseudostem on ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in rats

hi this study, chloroform extract derived from pseudostem of Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman (Family: Musaceae) powder was investigated for treatment of calcium oxalate urolithiasis. An in vitro antiurolithiatic study was carried out by conductometric titrations of CaCl2 with Na2C2O4 in the absence and presence of chloroform extract of Ensete superbum (ES). Whereas, in an in vivo studies, urolithiasis was developed in animals by adding 0.75 % of ethylene glycol in drinking water for 28 days. The extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered orally along with ethylene glycol for 28 days. On 28 day, 24 hrs urine was collected from individual animals and various biochemical parameters were measured in urine (calcium, phosphate and oxalate), serum (creatinine, urea and uric acid) and kidney homogenate (renal oxalate). The paraffin kidney sections were prepared and subjected to histopathological analysis to observe the calcium oxalate deposits. The result of conductometric titration show shift in end point towards lower side due to reduction in free Ca2+ content as evidence of complexation with the extract. Treatment of ethylene glycol (Group II - negative control) cause significant (P < 0.001 vs. normal) increase in levels of urine calcium, creatinine, uric acid, and serum calcium, creatinine, magnesium and uric acid, as compared to normal. The treatment with extract, significantly (P < 0.001 vs. control) depleted the levels of urine calcium, creatinine, uric acid, and serum calcium, creatinine, magnesium and uric acid, in ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis after 28 days in dose dependent manner. The antiurolithiatic activity of the chloroform extract of Ensete superbum pseudostem is mediated possibly through the inhibition of calcium oxalate crystal formation and its effect on the urinary concentration of stone-forming constituents. The activity may be attributed due to the presence of beta-carboline alkaloids.