Multilayer Black Phosphorus as a Versatile Mid-Infrared Electro-optic Material

被引：155

作者：

Lin, Charles ^{[1
]}

Grassi, Roberto ^{[2
]}

Low, Tony ^{[2
]}

Helmyt, Amr S. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Toronto, Edward S Rogers Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 10 Kings Coll Rd, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada

[2] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 200 Union St SE,4-174 Keller Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

来源：

NANO LETTERS | 2016年 / 16卷 / 03期

关键词：

Black phosphorus; electro-optics; quantum-confined Franz-Keldysh effect; Burstein-Moss shift; mid-infrared; modulator; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES; GRAPHENE; MODULATORS; ELECTROABSORPTION; SILICON; GERMANIUM; MOBILITY;

D O I：

10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04594

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

We investigate the electro-optic properties of black phosphorus (BP) thin films for optical modulation in the mid-infrared frequencies. Our calculation indicates that an applied out-of-plane electric field may lead to red-, blue-, or bidirectional shift in BP's absorption edge. This is due to the interplay between the field-induced quantum-confined Franz-Keldysh effect and the Pauli-blocked Burstein-Moss shift. The relative contribution of the two electro-absorption mechanisms depends on doping range, operating wavelength, and BP film thickness. For proof-of concept, simple modulator configuration with BP overlaid over a silicon nanowire is studied. Simulation results show that operating BP in the quantum-confined Franz-Keldysh regime can improve the maximal attainable absorption as well as power efficiency compared to its graphene counterpart.

引用

页码：1683 / 1689

页数：7

共 53 条

[1] Andres C.-G., 2014, 2D MATER, V1, DOI DOI 10.1088/2053-1583/1/2/025001
[2] Development of a large high-performance 2-D array of GaAs-AlGaAs multiple quantum-well modulators
Arad, U
Redmard, E
Shamay, M
Averboukh, A
Levit, S
Efron, U
[J]. IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS, 2003, 15 (11) : 1531 - 1533
[3] ANOMALOUS OPTICAL ABSORPTION LIMIT IN INSB
BURSTEIN, E
[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW, 1954, 93 (03): : 632 - 633
[4] Fast and Broadband Photoresponse of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus Field-Effect Transistors
Buscema, Michele
Groenendijk, Dirk J.
Blanter, Sofya I.
Steele, Gary A.
van der Zant, Herre S. J.
Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
[J]. NANO LETTERS, 2014, 14 (06) : 3347 - 3352
[5] Significant effect of stacking on the electronic and optical properties of few-layer black phosphorus
Cakir, Deniz
Sevik, Cem
Peeters, Francois M.
[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 2015, 92 (16)
[6] Anisotropic exciton Stark shift in black phosphorus
Chaves, A.
Low, Tony
Avouris, P.
Cakir, D.
Peeters, F. M.
[J]. PHYSICAL REVIEW B, 2015, 91 (15)
[7] Black Phosphorus Photodetector for Multispectral, High-Resolution Imaging
Engel, Michael
Steiner, Mathias
Avouris, Phaedon
[J]. NANO LETTERS, 2014, 14 (11) : 6414 - 6417
[8] Space-time dispersion of graphene conductivity
Falkovsky, L. A.
Varlamov, A. A.
[J]. EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B, 2007, 56 (04) : 281 - 284
[9] Favron A, 2015, NAT MATER, V14, P826, DOI [10.1038/NMAT4299, 10.1038/nmat4299]
[10] From Black Phosphorus to Phosphorene: Basic Solvent Exfoliation, Evolution of Raman Scattering, and Applications to Ultrafast Photonics
Guo, Zhinan
Zhang, Han
Lu, Shunbin
Wang, Zhiteng
Tang, Siying
Shao, Jundong
Sun, Zhengbo
Xie, Hanhan
Wang, Huaiyu
Yu, Xue-Feng
Chu, Paul K.
[J]. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, 2015, 25 (45) : 6996 - 7002

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 →