Mathematical Modeling of Thermal Damage Estimate Volumes in MR-guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is a minimally invasive procedure that produces real-time thermal damage estimates (TDEs) of ablation. Currently, MRgLITT software provides limited quantitative parameters for intraoperative monitoring, but orthogonal TDE-MRI slices can be utilized to mathematically estimate ablation volume. The objective of this study was to model TDE volumes and validate using post-24 hours MRI ablative volumes. METHODS Ablations were performed with the Visualase Laser Ablation System (Medtronic). Using ellipsoidal parameters determined for dual-TDEs from orthogonal MRI planes, TDE volumes were calculated by two definite integral methods (A and B) implemented in Matlab (MathWorks). Post-24 hours MRI ablative volumes were measured in OsiriX (Pixmeo) by two-blinded raters and compared to TDE volumes via paired t-test and Pearson's correlations. RESULTS Twenty-two ablations for 20 patients with various intracranial pathologies were included. Average TDE volume calculated with method A was 3.44 +/- 1.96 cm(3) and with method B was 4.83 +/- 1.53 cm(3). Method A TDE volumes were significantly different than post-24 hours volumes (P < .001). Method B TDE volumes were not significantly different than post-24 hours volumes (P = .39) and strongly correlated with each other (r = .85, R-2 = .72, P < .0001). A total of eight of 22 (36%) method A versus 17 of 22 (77%) method B TDE volumes were within 25% of the post-24 hours ablative volume. CONCLUSION We present a viable mathematical method integrating dual-plane TDEs to calculate volumes. Future algorithmic iterations will incorporate additional calculated variables that improve ablative volume estimations.