Gravitational-Wave Cosmology across 29 Decades in Frequency

被引：160

作者：

Lasky, Paul D. ^{[1
]}

Mingarelli, Chiara M. F. ^{[2
,3
]}

Smith, Tristan L. ^{[4
]}

Giblin, John T., Jr. ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Thrane, Eric ^{[1
]}

Reardon, Daniel J. ^{[1
]}

Caldwell, Robert ^{[8
]}

Bailes, Matthew ^{[9
]}

Bhat, N. D. Ramesh ^{[10
]}

Burke-Spolaor, Sarah ^{[11
]}

Dai, Shi ^{[12
,13
,14
]}

Dempsey, James ^{[15
]}

Hobbs, George ^{[12
]}

Kerr, Matthew ^{[12
]}

Levin, Yuri ^{[1
]}

Manchester, Richard N. ^{[12
]}

Oslowski, Stefan ^{[3
,16
]}

Ravi, Vikram ^{[17
]}

Rosado, Pablo A. ^{[9
]}

Shannon, Ryan M. ^{[10
,12
]}

Spiewak, Renee ^{[18
]}

van Straten, Willem ^{[9
]}

Toomey, Lawrence ^{[12
]}

Wang, Jingbo ^{[19
]}

Wen, Linqing ^{[20
]}

You, Xiaopeng ^{[21
]}

Zhu, Xingjiang ^{[20
]}

机构：

[1] Monash Univ, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia

[2] CALTECH, TAPIR Grp, MC 350-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[3] Max Planck Inst Radio Astron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

[4] Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA

[5] Kenyon Coll, Dept Phys, Gambier, OH 43022 USA

[6] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA

[7] Case Western Reserve Univ, CERCA, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA

[8] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA

[9] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, POB 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia

[10] Curtin Univ Technol, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

[11] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Array Operat Ctr, POB O, Soccoro, NM 87801 USA

[12] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, POB 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia

[13] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China

[14] Peking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys & Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China

[15] CSIRO Informat Management & Technol, POB 225, Dickson, ACT 2602, Australia

[16] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, Postfach 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany

[17] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, MC 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[18] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA

[19] Chinese Acad Sci, Xinjiang Astron Observ, 150 Sci 1 St, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, Peoples R China

[20] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia

[21] Southwest Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW X | 2016年 / 6卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

GRAVITY-WAVES; MICROWAVE; PERTURBATIONS; POLARIZATION; MODELS; PROBE;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevX.6.011035

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

Quantum fluctuations of the gravitational field in the early Universe, amplified by inflation, produce a primordial gravitational-wave background across a broad frequency band. We derive constraints on the spectrum of this gravitational radiation, and hence on theories of the early Universe, by combining experiments that cover 29 orders of magnitude in frequency. These include Planck observations of cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization power spectra and lensing, together with baryon acoustic oscillations and big bang nucleosynthesis measurements, as well as new pulsar timing array and ground-based interferometer limits. While individual experiments constrain the gravitational-wave energy density in specific frequency bands, the combination of experiments allows us to constrain cosmological parameters, including the inflationary spectral index n(t) and the tensor-to-scalar ratio r. Results from individual experiments include the most stringent nanohertz limit of the primordial background to date from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array, Omega(GW)(f) < 2.3 x 10(-10). Observations of the cosmic microwave background alone limit the gravitational-wave spectral index at 95% confidence to n(t) less than or similar to 5 for a tensor-to-scalar ratio of r = 0.11. However, the combination of all the above experiments limits n(t) < 0.36. Future Advanced LIGO observations are expected to further constrain n(t) < 0.34 by 2020. When cosmic microwave background experiments detect a nonzero r, our results will imply even more stringent constraints on nt and, hence, theories of the early Universe.

引用

页数：11

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