Geographically-based evaluation of multidrug resistance trends among Streptococcus pneumoniae in the USA:: findings of the FAST surveillance initiative (2003-2004)

Surveillance initiatives to track Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance trends are important for understanding the cur-rent in vitro effectiveness of available antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of S. pneumoniae (n = 1479 isolates) collected from 17 geographical areas across the USA (2003-2004) were analysed; 36.8% of isolates were resistant to one or more agents (24.4% were multidrugresistant, i.e. resistant to two or more antimicrobial classes). Multidrug resistance involved resistance to beta-lactams, macrofides, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole, but rarely fluoroquinolones (> 96% of multi drug-resistant isolates were fluoroquinolone-suseeptible). Multidrug resistance rates were prominent regardless of the geographical region surveyed. As this trend continues, the empirical therapeutic options for S. pneumoniae infections will diminish and there will be an ongoing need to evaluate the effectiveness of potent fluoroquinolones such as gemifloxacin. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society of Chemotherapy