Towards a compendium of essential genes - From model organisms to synthetic lethality in cancer cells

被引：34

作者：

Zhan, Tianzuo ^{[1
,2
]}

Boutros, Michael ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Heidelberg Univ, German Canc Res Ctr DKFZ, Div Signaling & Funct Genom, Dept Cell & Mol Biol,Med Fac Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany

[2] Heidelberg Univ, Dept Med 2, Med Fac Mannheim, Univ Hosp Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany

来源：

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY | 2016年 / 51卷 / 02期

关键词：

genetic interaction; Cancer research; essential genes; screening; CRISPR/Cas9; RNAi; synthetic lethality; FUNCTIONAL GENOMIC ANALYSIS; TRANSPORT PROTEIN 4; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; TARGETED DISRUPTION; INSERTIONAL MUTAGENESIS; ARSENIC TRIOXIDE; ENU MUTAGENESIS; RETINOIC ACID; SIRNA SCREEN; RNAI LIBRARY;

D O I：

10.3109/10409238.2015.1117053

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Essential genes are defined by their requirement to sustain life in cells or whole organisms. The systematic identification of essential gene sets not only allows insights into the fundamental building blocks of life, but may also provide novel therapeutic targets in oncology. The discovery of essential genes has been tightly linked to the development and deployment of various screening technologies. Here, we describe how gene essentiality was addressed in different eukaryotic model organisms, covering a range of organisms from yeast to mouse. We describe how increasing knowledge of evolutionarily divergent genomes facilitate identification of gene essentiality across species. Finally, the impact of gene essentiality and synthetic lethality on cancer research and the clinical translation of screening results are highlighted.

引用

页码：74 / 85

页数：12

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