Undergraduate Students' Science Process Skills: A Systematic Review

The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the researches trends on undergraduate students' science process skills (SPS) on biology with the consideration on the types of SPS, the assessment and its validation. The review followed a PRISMA approach. The article selection had been done systematically by searching the research paper published in online database within 2000 - 2019. By using the keywords "science process skills" and "biology", it was found 52 articles in Google scholar, 60 articles in Science direct, and 217 articles in Taylor & Francis Online. Those articles then were selected based on some inclusive criteria, such as SPS, higher education, biology or science, and retained 19 papers matched. The selected papers were reviewed by scoring each paper to come out with the quality and relevant papers. The result of the review shows that the integrated SPS were mostly found as the type of SPS investigated in the undergraduate level, with the focus on formulate the hypothesis, interpret the data, interpret the model, experiment, define operationally, identify and control variable. The trend of SPS in Indonesia is similar with the SPS promoted by the AAAS but tends to be simplified, while in the other developed and developing countries it varies according to the learning topics. The scope of the research covered some topics on biology and science. The most instrument used to measure the SPS is Science Process Skill Test (SPST), a multiple choice, questionnaire, and interview protocol. An expert judgement is the most common validation used in Indonesian research. The study about SPS for undergraduate students should be further done on developing learning design, and modules with instructional design focusing on detail training on each skill of SPS and covered various topics in biology