Eight sessions of endurance training decrease fasting glucose and improve glucose tolerance in middle-aged overweight males

Exercise improves metabolic regulation and reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other metabolic diseases. The recommendations for exercise are rather general and the health benefits of controlled training studies are important to make better recommendations. In the present study, we report that eight endurance training sessions over 3 weeks reduced fasting glucose, and improved glucose tolerance and plasma lipids in sedentary middle-aged males (44-64 years) with overweight or obesity (BMI: 27-38). The decrease in fasting glucose was substantial (from 5.3 +/- 0.3 to 4.8 +/- 0.2 mM; p < .001). The training sessions consisted of 60-min indoor-cycling at similar to 83% of peak heart rate divided in four blocks of 15 min cycling, with 2-min rest between blocks. Maximal oxygen uptake did not increase (38.8 +/- 1.8 vs. 39.0 +/- 1.6 ml kg(-1) min(-1)). In conclusion, 3-weekly sessions of moderate-/high-intensity endurance training can be recommended for untrained males with overweight or obesity to improve glucose homeostasis.