Spatially Resolved Water Emission from Gravitationally Lensed Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 3

被引:23
作者
Jarugula, Sreevani [1 ]
Vieira, Joaquin D. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Spilker, Justin S. [4 ]
Apostolovski, Yordanka [5 ]
Aravena, Manuel [5 ]
Bethermin, Matthieu [6 ]
de Breuck, Carlos [7 ]
Chen, Chian-Chou [7 ]
Cunningham, Daniel J. M. [8 ,9 ]
Dong, Chenxing [10 ]
Greve, Thomas [11 ,12 ,13 ]
Hayward, Christopher C. [14 ]
Hezaveh, Yashar [15 ]
Litke, Katrina C. [16 ]
Mangian, Amelia C. [1 ]
Narayanan, Desika [10 ,12 ,13 ,17 ]
Phadke, Kedar [1 ]
Reuter, Cassie A. [1 ]
Van der Werf, Paul [18 ]
Weiss, Axel [19 ]
机构
[1] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 West Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
[2] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St Loomis Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
[3] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, 1205 W Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
[4] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA
[5] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, NUcleo Astron, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile
[6] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, Marseille, France
[7] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany
[8] St Marys Univ, Dept Astron & Phys, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada
[9] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
[10] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
[11] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England
[12] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Cosm Dawn Ctr DAWN, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[13] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
[14] Flatiron Inst, Ctr Computat Astrophys, 162 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10010 USA
[15] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
[16] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[17] Univ Florida, Informat Inst, 432 Newell Dr,CISE Bldg E251, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
[18] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
[19] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
关键词
galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: starburst; ISM: molecules; MOLECULAR GAS; STARBURST; REDSHIFT; CO; QUASAR; RATES;
D O I
10.3847/1538-4357/ab290d
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Water (H2O), one of the most ubiquitous molecules in the universe, has bright millimeter-wave emission lines that are easily observed at high redshift with the current generation of instruments. The low-excitation transition of H2O, p-H2O(2(0,2) - 1(1,1)) (nu(rest) = 987.927 GHz), is known to trace the far-infrared (FIR) radiation field independent of the presence of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) over many orders of magnitude in FIR luminosity (L-FIR). This indicates that this transition arises mainly due to star formation. In this paper, we present spatially (similar to 0 ''.5 corresponding to similar to 1 kiloparsec) and spectrally resolved (similar to 100 kms(-1)) observations of p-H2O(2(0,2) - 1(1,1)) in a sample of four strong gravitationally lensed high-redshift galaxies with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. In addition to increasing the sample of luminous (>10(12) L-circle dot) galaxies observed with H2O, this paper examines the L-H2O/L-FIR relation on resolved scales for the first time at high redshift. We find that L-H2O is correlated with L-FIR on both global and resolved kiloparsec scales within the galaxy in starbursts and AGN with average L-H2O/L-FIR = -2.76(-1.21)(+1.21) x 10(-5). We find that the scatter in the observed L-H2O/L-FIR relation does not obviously correlate with the effective temperature of the dust spectral energy distribution or the molecular gas surface density. This is a first step in developing p-H2O(2(0,2) - 1(1,1)) as a resolved star formation rate calibrator.
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