STEM CELL-DERIVED EXOSOME THERAPY FOR DENTAL DISEASES: FROM BENCH TO BED IN DENTISTRY

Stem cells are undifferentiated structures with a significant potential to regenerate the missing tissues and living structures. Exosomes are a specific subgroup of extracellular vesicles recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication in the process of regeneration, contributing to various pathways of the physiological and pathological processes. Given the ability of exosomes to carry molecular cargos and transfer bioactive components, exosome-based disease diagnosis and therapeutics have been extensively studied over the past few decades. The present review highlights the emerging applications of exosomes as therapeutic agents in craniofacial and dental regenerative processes. In addition, the current challenges and future perspectives of exosomes in dental clinical applications are discussed.