Assessment of Changes in Soil Infiltration, Water-Holding Capacity, Bulk Density and Fertility Parameters under Different Tree- and Crop-Based Systems in Semiarid Alfisols

Field experiments were conducted to assess changes in soil infiltration, water-holding capacity (WHC), bulk density and soil fertility with 15 custard apple (CA)-based systems of T1:CA+Fingermillet; T2:CA+Fodder Maize; T3:CA+Fieldbean; T4:CA+Niger; T5:CA+Chilli; T6:CA+Cowpea; T7:CA+Foxtailmillet; T8:Fingermillet; T9:Fodder Maize; T10:Fieldbean; T11:Niger; T12:Chilli; T13:Cowpea; T14:Foxtailmillet and T15:CA in 2012 and 2013 under semiarid Alfisols at Bangalore. T2 gave the maximum CA equivalent yield (1333 kgha(-1)), rainwater-use efficiency (4.90 kgha(-1) mm(-1)), net returns of Rs.52690 ha(-1) and a benefit-cost ratio of 2.92. T6 gave the maximum WHC of 41.0%; an infiltration rate of 33.1 cmhr(-1); a cumulative infiltration of 66.2 cm; and a minimum bulk density of 1.40 gcc(-1). T6 maintained maximum soil nitrogen (N) of 259 kgha(-1); phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) of 67.9 kgha(-1); and potassium oxide (K2O) of 141.5 kgha(-1); while T9 gave uptake N of 102.7 kgha(-1); P2O5 of 24.6 kgha(-1); and K2O of 103.7 kgha(-1). T6 was efficient for improving the soil physical, chemical, and biological parameters based on the study.