A new technique for the preparation of small-sized amber samples with application to mites

Small preparations are necessary to receive high-resolution morphological data on minute amber inclusions, like mites, tiny insects, pollen, fungi, etc. For mites, observations from four to six sides are often necessary for an accurate identification and systematic description. The main difficulty of such preparation is that human hand is not precise enough for holding and manipulating minute objects. Miniaturization of tools and use of holders of different kinds is necessary. This paper describes tools and protocol for routine preparation of voluminous (observable from more than two sides) amber samples of submillimeter size, including artificial resin embedding after vacuum treatment, trimming, grinding, and preparation for light microscopy under immersion oil. A review of received results in paleontology of amber mite inclusions is provided along with a discussion on the conservation problems raised by small size of pieces. Storage in water with thymol (preservative) is suggested, although long-time observation is yet needed to be conclusive.