Occurrence, distribution, and risk assessment of organophosphate esters in urban street dust in the central province of Henan, China

被引:9
作者
Pang, Long [1 ]
Yang, Huiqiang [1 ]
Pang, Rong [2 ]
Zhou, Yifan [1 ]
Xiao, Jingwen [1 ]
Wang, Zhenxing [3 ]
机构
[1] Zhengzhou Univ Light Ind, Dept Mat & Chem Engn, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China
[2] Huanghe Sci & Technol Coll, Dept Med, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, Peoples R China
[3] South China Inst Environm Sci, Minist Ecol & Environm, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, Peoples R China
关键词
Organophosphate esters; Street dust; Distribution; Occurrence; Source; Risk assessment; POTENTIAL AFFECTING FACTORS; WATER TREATMENT PLANTS; FLAME RETARDANTS; HUMAN EXPOSURE; INDOOR DUST; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; COMPOSITION PROFILES; TEMPORAL VARIATIONS; NEPAL IMPLICATION; PHTHALATE-ESTERS;
D O I
10.1007/s11356-019-06008-x
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
In this study, nine OPEs were measured in 60 street dust samples collected from the central province of Henan, China. The total concentrations of OPEs ( n-ary sumation 9OPEs) in street dust range from 2.77 to 505 mu g/kg (median 59.3 mu g/kg). Chlorinated OPEs are dominant in street dust with median concentration of 33.5 mu g/kg, followed by aryl OPEs (median 9.05 mu g/kg), and alkyl OPEs (median 6.19 mu g/kg). No significant correlations are found between n-ary sumation 9OPEs and parameters, such as population (p = 0.931), population density (p = 0.602), car ownership (p = 0.618), and gross domestic product (p = 0.863). Principal component analysis (PCA) result reveals that road traffic could be a major source of OPEs in street dust because of their extensive use in various vehicles. The total average (median) and high-level exposure (95th percentile) of OPEs are 1.01 x 10(-2), 7.17 x 10(-2) ng/kg bw/d for adults and 6.03 x 10(-2), 0.43 ng/kg bw/d for children, respectively. Hazard quotient (HQ) values are 5-6 orders of magnitude lower than the acceptable risk level (HQ < 0.1), indicating there is still a low risk to local residents at current levels.
引用
收藏
页码:27862 / 27871
页数:10
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