An assessment on the accuracy of time-domain reflectometry for measuring level and permittivity of liquids

In a previous paper the Authors showed that Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) can he successfully used for an enhanced real-time monitoring of liquids inside tanks: in one shot, determination of levels, dielectric properties and multiple interfaces in layered media are possible, thus opening challenging perspectives for several monitoring applications, especially for industrial and environmental control. For such purposes, a detailed analysis of the accuracy of the proposed measurement method is mandatory. In this paper, a metrological characterization of the method is carried out. Results are proposed, demonstrating the robustness and liability of the TDR technique.