Hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-based ceramics

Data are summarized on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) by wet-chemical processes, solid-state reactions, and hydrothermal treatment. The conditions for HA preparation via precipitation from solutions of calcium chloride, dibasic ammonium phosphate, and aqueous ammonia are discussed at length. Detailed analysis of the fabrication and properties of calcium-phosphate-based ceramics is presented. The techniques for producing dense and porous HA ceramics ate considered. The fabrication and medical applications of HA granules are discussed. Data are presented on HA-based composites.