Intraoperative Surgical Navigation Reduces the Surgical Time Required to Treat Acute Major Facial Fractures

Background: Assessing bone reduction and implant placement in facial fractures is time-consuming because of limited visibility. An intraoperative navigation system allows real-time confirmation of bone positioning and implant placement on the patient's computed tomographic scan. This circumvents the visibility problem and therefore appears to shorten the surgery time. The goal of this study was therefore to determine whether intraoperative navigation reduces the surgical time required to treat patients with acute major facial fractures. Methods: In this retrospective quasi-experimental study, 50 patients with major facial fractures were identified and randomly assigned to treatment groups. Twenty-two were treated without the use of a navigation system, and 28 were treated using navigation. The Facial frActure Severity Score (FASS) was devised to better assess and control for complexity of cases and control for possible selection bias. Results: The FASS was directly linked to surgery time, whether or not navigation was used. An analysis of covariance demonstrated that the surgical time required to treat major facial fractures, taking into account the FASS, was reduced by 36.1 percent (124.8 minutes) when navigation was used. Conclusions: This study compared the surgical time required to treat patients with major facial fractures, with and without a navigation system. The use of a navigation system reduced the surgical time by 36.1 percent. This is a significant improvement in reducing the length of craniomaxillofacial procedures.