Parity-time symmetry and exceptional points in photonics

被引：1300
作者：
Ozdemir, S. K. [1 ,2 ]
Rotter, S. [3 ]
Nori, F. [4 ,5 ]
Yang, L. [6 ]
机构：
[1] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, 227 Hammond Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[2] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[3] Vienna Univ Technol TU Wien, Inst Theoret Phys, Vienna, Austria
[4] RIKEN Cluster Pioneering Res, Theoret Quantum Phys Lab, Saitama, Japan
[5] Univ Michigan, Phys Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[6] Washington Univ, Elect & Syst Engn, St Louis, MO 63110 USA
来源：
NATURE MATERIALS | 2019年 / 18卷 / 08期
基金：
日本科学技术振兴机构; 日本学术振兴会; 美国国家科学基金会; 奥地利科学基金会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词：
WAVE-GUIDE; LASER; GAIN; MICROCAVITY; STATES; PHASE;
D O I：
10.1038/s41563-019-0304-9
中图分类号：
O64 [物理化学（理论化学）、化学物理学];
学科分类号：
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
Exploiting the interplay between gain, loss and the coupling strength between different optical components creates a variety of new opportunities in photonics to generate, control and transmit light. Inspired by the discovery of real eigenfrequencies for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians obeying parity-time (PT) symmetry, many counterintuitive aspects are being explored, particularly close to the associated degeneracies also known as 'exceptional points'. This Review explains the underlying physical principles and discusses the progress in the experimental investigation of PT-symmetric photonic systems. We highlight the role of PT symmetry and non-Hermitian dynamics for synthesizing and controlling the flow of light in optical structures and provide a roadmap for future studies and potential applications.
引用
收藏
页码：783 / 798
页数：16
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