Background. American Board of Surgery In-Training Exam (ABSITE) performance can be used to assess resident knowledge and to evaluate surgical curriculum. To determine factors that lead to improved resident ABSITE performance, a prospective study was performed. Materials and methods. Thirty-four surgical residents in Program Years 2-5 completed pre- and a post-ABSITE questionnaires about their anxiety, self-efficacy, physical preparation, and academic preparation for the ABSITE. Department records were used to determine resident probationary status and conference attendance. A preliminary analysis of ABSITE scores indicated a significant improvement between 1998 and 1999 percentile scores (paired t = -2.25, P = 0.03; m = 11.9, SD = 30.5, median = 7). An improvement in percentile rank score was calculated and used as the dependent variable in a stepwise regression analysis. The following served as independent variables: previous exam performance, anxiety, probationary status, amount of sleep before exam, confidence to score in the 25th and the 50th percentiles, and attendance at the three conferences rated most valuable by the residents. Results. Results of the regression analysis demonstrate that all factors account for 62.3% of the variance in improvement scores. A stepwise analysis indicated that the combination of attendance (40.2%) and previous performance (18.3%) was significant in explaining 58.5% of the variance in improvement scores. Furthermore, Pearson's correlations indicated that probationary status (+.58, P = 0.001), anxiety (+0.53, P = 0.001), amount of study (+0.61, P = 0.001), past ABSITE performance (-0.60, P = 0.001), and conference attendance (+0.56, P = 0.001) were correlated with ABSITE improvement. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that resident individual effort, past ABSITE performance, and academic conference attendance have led to resident ABSITE improvement. (C) 2000 Academic Press.
