Subsidence history of the Essaouira basin from the Triassic to present times was studied on the base of data from 28 wells and newly determined decompaction curves. The general (average of 25 curves) and selected local curves (4) include several phases of rapid subsidence: (1) a synrift phase during the Late Triassic-earliest Liassic associated with the extensional tectonism; (2) postrift phases during the late Liassic, in Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous times, and from Hauterivian to Aptian. The synrift apparent amount of extension inferred from subsidence curves is 1.56 to 3.8 for a uniform stretching model and between 1.19 and 2.26 for a non-uniform extension model. This amount reduces to 1.17 when the area of Triassic sediments is distributed in a uniform basin upon the basement top, and is then similar to that calculated from fault restoration. These curves constitute a database for studying the thermal evolution of the basin, which led to hydrocarbon generation.