High-frequency modeling of frequency-dependent dielectric and conductor losses in transmission lines

This paper details the implementation of three theoretical techniques to calculate dielectric and conductive losses in transmission lines at high frequencies. Those techniques are the Kramers-Kronig relationship to account for the frequency-dependent loss tangent, inclusion of surface roughness in estimating conductor losses, and a method for calculating moisture effects. When these mechanisms are incorporated into a contemporary stripline model, the high-frequency results are in much closer agreement with measured data than when they are not included.