Local Effects of Impact into Concrete Structure

Impact of missiles into reinforced concrete structures can have various effects. Soft impacts (deformation of missile is more significant than deformation of target structure) might cause global failure, while hard impacts of quasi-rigid missiles only affect the impact zone and cause local failure such as cracks, penetration, perforation, etc. In our paper, local effects caused by hard missiles are examined. Missile parameters are close to possible primary and secondary missiles induced by tornados and aircraft impacts. Potential modelling and calculation methods are summarized and a calibrated FE model is presented. Based on FE model calculations, new semi-empirical formulae are deduced that can be applied for medium size hard missile impacts.