Finally making sense of the double-slit experiment

被引:44
作者
Aharonov, Yakir [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Cohen, Eliahu [4 ]
Colombo, Fabrizio [5 ]
Landsberger, Tomer [3 ]
Sabadini, Irene [5 ]
Struppa, Daniele C. [1 ,2 ]
Tollaksen, Jeff [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Chapman Univ, Inst Quantum Studies, Orange, CA 92866 USA
[2] Chapman Univ, Schmid Coll Sci & Technol, Orange, CA 92866 USA
[3] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
[4] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England
[5] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Matemat, I-20133 Milan 9, Italy
基金
欧洲研究理事会; 以色列科学基金会;
关键词
Heisenberg picture; two-state vector formalism; modular momentum; double slit experiment;
D O I
10.1073/pnas.1704649114
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Feynman stated that the double-slit experiment "... has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery" and that "nobody can give you a deeper explanation of this phenomenon than I have given; that is, a description of it" [Feynman R, Leighton R, Sands M (1965) The Feynman Lectures on Physics]. We rise to the challenge with an alternative to the wave function-centered interpretations: instead of a quantum wave passing through both slits, we have a localized particle with nonlocal interactions with the other slit. Key to this explanation is dynamical nonlocality, which naturally appears in the Heisenberg picture as nonlocal equations of motion. This insight led us to develop an approach to quantum mechanics which relies on pre- and postselection, weak measurements, deterministic, and modular variables. We consider those properties of a single particle that are deterministic to be primal. The Heisenberg picture allows us to specify the most complete enumeration of such deterministic properties in contrast to the Schrodinger wave function, which remains an ensemble property. We exercise this approach by analyzing a version of the double-slit experiment augmented with postselection, showing that only it and not the wave function approach can be accommodated within a time-symmetric interpretation, where interference appears even when the particle is localized. Although the Heisenberg and Schrodinger pictures are equivalent formulations, nevertheless, the framework presented here has led to insights, intuitions, and experiments that were missed from the old perspective.
引用
收藏
页码:6480 / 6485
页数:6
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