Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children

被引:188
作者
Boukhris, Takoua [1 ,2 ]
Sheehy, Odile [2 ]
Mottron, Laurent [3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ]
Berard, Anick [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Montreal, Fac Pharm, 3175 Cote St Catherine, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada
[2] CHU St Justine, Res Ctr, Res Unit Medicat & Pregnancy, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[3] Univ Montreal, Ctr Excellence Troubles Envahissants Dev, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada
[4] Hop Riviere des Prairies, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[5] Univ Montreal, Inst Univ Psychiat, Ctr Rech, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada
[6] Univ Montreal, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Montreal, PQ H3T 1C5, Canada
基金
加拿大健康研究院;
关键词
SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; GENETICS; BIRTH;
D O I
10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.3356
中图分类号
R72 [儿科学];
学科分类号
100202 ;
摘要
IMPORTANCE The association between the use of antidepressants during gestation and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children is still controversial. The etiology of ASD remains unclear, although studies have implicated genetic predispositions, environmental risk factors, and maternal depression. OBJECTIVE To examine the risk of ASD in children associated with antidepressant use during pregnancy according to trimester of exposure and taking into account maternal depression. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a register-based study of an ongoing population-based cohort, the Quebec Pregnancy/Children Cohort, which includes data on all pregnancies and children in Quebec from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2009. A total of 145 456 singleton full-term infants born alive and whose mothers were covered by the Regie de l'assurance maladie du Quebec drug plan for at least 12 months before and during pregnancy were included. Data analysis was conducted from October 1, 2014, to June 30, 2015. EXPOSURES Antidepressant exposure during pregnancy was defined according to trimester and specific antidepressant classes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Children with ASD were defined as those with at least 1 diagnosis of ASD between date of birth and last date of follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios with 95% CIs. RESULTS During 904 035.50 person-years of follow-up, 1054 children (0.7%) were diagnosed with ASD; boys with ASD outnumbered girls by a ratio of about 4:1. The mean (SD) age of children at the end of follow-up was 6.24 (3.19) years. Adjusting for potential confounders, use of antidepressants during the second and/or third trimester was associated with the risk of ASD (31 exposed infants; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.15-3.04). Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors during the second and/or third trimester was significantly associated with an increased risk of ASD (22 exposed infants; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.20-3.93). The risk was persistent even after taking into account maternal history of depression (29 exposed infants; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.03-2.97). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Use of antidepressants, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, during the second and/or third trimester increases the risk of ASD in children, even after considering maternal depression. Further research is needed to specifically assess the risk of ASD associated with antidepressant types and dosages during pregnancy.
引用
收藏
页码:117 / 124
页数:8
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