Multi-Objective Optimization of Nutritional, Environmental and Economic Aspects of Diets Applied to the Spanish Context

被引:16
作者
Abejon, Ricardo [1 ,2 ]
Batlle-Bayer, Laura [3 ]
Laso, Jara [1 ]
Bala, Alba [3 ]
Vazquez-Rowe, Ian [4 ]
Larrea-Gallegos, Gustavo [5 ]
Margallo, Maria [1 ]
Cristobal, Jorge [1 ]
Puig, Rita [6 ]
Fullana-i-Palmer, Pere [3 ]
Aldaco, Ruben [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cantabria, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Avda Castros S-N, Santander 39005, Spain
[2] Univ Santiago Chile, Dept Ingn Quim, Av Libertador Bernardo OHiggins 3363, Santiago 9170019, Chile
[3] UNESCO Chair Life Cycle & Climate Change ESCI UPF, Pg Pujades 1, Barcelona 08003, Spain
[4] Pontificia Univ Catolica Peru, Dept Engn, Peruvian LCA Network PELCAN, Av Univ 1801, Lima 15088, Peru
[5] Luxembourg Inst Sci & Technol, Environm Res & Innovat ERIN, L-4362 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
[6] Univ Lleida UdL, Dept Comp Sci & Ind Engn, Pla Massa 8, Igualada 08700, Spain
关键词
diets; sustainability; nutrition; environmental impact; economic costs; life cycle assessment; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; SUSTAINABLE DIETS; IMPACT; GUIDELINES; QUALITY; HEALTH;
D O I
10.3390/foods9111677
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Current food consumption patterns must be revised in order to improve their sustainability. The nutritional, environmental, and economic consequences of these dietary patterns must be taken into consideration when diet guidelines are proposed. This study applied a systematic optimization methodology to define sustainable dietary patterns complying with nutritional, environmental, and economic issues. The methodology was based on a multi-objective optimization model that considered a distance-to-target approach. Although the three simultaneous objectives (maximal nutritional contribution, minimal greenhouse gas emissions, and minimal costs) could be divergent, the proposed model identified the optimal intake of each food product to achieve the maximal level of nutritional, environmental, and economic diets. This model was applied to six different eating patterns within the Spanish context: one based on current food consumption and five alternative diets. The results revealed that dietary patterns with improved nutritional profiles and reduced environmental impacts could be defined without additional costs just by increasing the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and legumes, while reducing the intake of meat and fish.
引用
收藏
页数:23
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