Association of soluble E-selectin and morning blood pressure surge in patients with essential hypertension

Background: Elevated soluble E-selectin which reflects a state of endothelial activation with subsequent vasocon-striction may elevate morning blood pressure (BP) surge. This study aimed to analyze soluble E-selectin serum concentrations in patients with essential hypertension against normotensive healthy individuals and to find a role of such molecule in the phenomenon of morning BP surge.Material and methods: In this case-control study, a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring with recording of morning BP surge and serum soluble E-selectin levels were measured for a total of 90 patients (60 patients with essential hypertension and 30 normotensive subjects as a control).Results: Hypertensive patients had higher body mass index in comparison to control subjects (30.7 +/- 2.3 kg/m2 vs. 27 +/- 3.2 kg/m2, p < 0.001). Serum uric acid levels were higher in hypertensive patients than control subjects (7.26 +/- 2.60 mg/dL vs. 5.92 +/- 1.15 mg/dL, p = 0.028). Hypertensive patients had higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (110.5 +/- 19.2 g/m2 vs. 99.8 +/- 9.5 g/m2, p = 0.001). Patients with essential hypertension have higher level of soluble E-selectin than normotensive participants (180.6 +/- 96.1 vs. 75.9 +/- 31.5 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Soluble E-se-lectin was positively correlated with morning BP surge (r = 0.696, p <= 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with essential hypertension have higher level of soluble E-selectin than normotensive. Soluble E-selectin was positively correlated with morning BP surge.