Real-time analysis of low-concentration photovoltaic systems: A review towards development of sustainable energy technology

This article explores the potential of 1 kW(p) low-concentration photovoltaic (LCPV) system for commercial purposes. Real-time analysis of in-house developed LCPV system shows better performance than the flat panel PV systems. Under actual test conditions (ATC), the open-circuit voltage (V-OC) decreases with temperature coefficient of voltage approximate to -0.061 V/K. The dynamic resistance is found to have a positive coefficient of module temperature i.e., dr(d)/dT approximate to 0.49 Omega/K. The annual energy generation of 1 kW(p) LCPV power plant is envisaged as 1747.2 kW h/kW(p) while the annual average daily final yield, reference yield and array yield were 3.76, 5.09 and 4.29 h/day, respectively. The annual average daily performance ratio and capacity factor are 72% and 14%, respectively. The annual average daily system losses and capture losses are 0.57 and 0.80 h/day correspondingly. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.