Environmental occurrence of phthalate and organophosphate esters in sediments across the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea)

被引:54
作者
Alkan, Nigar [1 ,2 ]
Alkan, Ali [1 ,3 ]
Castro-Jimenez, Javier [1 ,4 ]
Royer, Florian [1 ]
Papillon, Laure [1 ]
Ourgaud, Melanie [1 ]
Sempere, Richard [1 ]
机构
[1] Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Toulon, CNRS, IRD,MIO UM 110, Marseille, France
[2] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Fac Marine Sci, TR-61530 Trabzon, Turkey
[3] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Inst Marine Sci & Technol, TR-61080 Trabzon, Turkey
[4] IFREMER, Lab Brogeochem Organ Contaminants LBCO, Rue Ile dYeu,BP 21105, F-44311 Nantes 3, France
关键词
Plastic additives; Phthalates; Organophosphate esters; Sediment; Gulf of Lion; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; PEARL RIVER DELTA; FLAME RETARDANTS; RHONE RIVER; SURFACE SEDIMENTS; TAIHU LAKE; TOULON BAY; PLASTICIZERS; WATER; CHINA;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143412
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Seven phthalate (PAEs) and nine organophosphate esters (OPEs) were measured in surface sediments across the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea) at twelve stations characterized by different anthropogenic signatures. Sigma PAEs and Sigma OPEs concentrations ranged from 2 to 766 ng/g DW (av. 196 ng/g DW) and from 4 to 227 ng/g DW(av. 54 ng/gDW), respectively. Our analysis of the potential sources of these organic plastic additives in sediments of the Gulf of Lion suggests that the dominant factors affecting their occurrence and environmental distribution are port-based industrial activities and urban pressures. Indeed, the highest Sigma PAEs and Sigma OPEs concentrations were found close to the ports of Toulon and Marseille (Estaque) and at the sites impacted by the Marseille metropolitan area (i.e. at the outlets of the waste water treatment plant at Cortiou and at the mouth of the Huveaune River). The lowest levels were generally found in protected areas (e.g. Port-Cros) and at sites relatively far from the coast. DEHP was seen to be the most abundant PAE while TDCP, TEHP and TiBP were the most abundant OPEs in the area. Our results also expose the contribution of additives entering the Gulf of Lion via sedimentary material from the Rhone River, with positive correlations between the total organic carbon (TOC) content in the sediment and the Sigma PAEs and Sigma OPEs concentrations. However, additive concentrations decreased from shore to offshore in the Rhone River discharge area, indicating an efficient dilution of the contaminants accumulated at the river mouth area. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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页数:8
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