Water temperature decay under breakup ice jams

被引:8
|
作者
Beltaos, Spyros
Burrell, Brian C.
机构
[1] Environm Canada, Natl Water Res Inst, Aquat Ecosyst Impacts Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada
[2] Hydro Com Technol, Fredericton, NB E3B 8K4, Canada
关键词
breakup; convection; heat transfer; ice jam; rough boundary; turbulent flow;
D O I
10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.05.006
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The water temperature decay under ice jams that form during the breakup of the river ice cover is evaluated using different data sets from several Canadian rivers. In all cases, the water temperature varies with downstream distance in negative exponential fashion, as indicated by a simplified, one-dimensional, formulation of heat conservation in a river. The corresponding heat transfer coefficients and derivative dimensionless quantities are very high relative to the values that would be expected by extrapolation of existing formulae for turbulent convection in rough pipes. It is suggested that these high heat transfer rates are due to two factors, both characteristic of breakup ice jams: the extreme roughness of the jam underside, and the flow through the voids of the accumulation of ice blocks that comprise the jam. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:123 / 136
页数:14
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