Flight of Heliothis virescens males in the field in response to sex pheromone

被引:23
作者
Vickers, NJ [1 ]
Baker, TC [1 ]
机构
[1] IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,AMES,IA 50011
关键词
sex pheromone; Heliothis virescens; flight behaviour; field behaviour; pheromone plume; windspeed;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-3032.1997.tb01169.x
中图分类号
Q96 [昆虫学];
学科分类号
摘要
The behaviour of Heliothis virescens males flying upwind in the field in a sex pheromone plume was videorecorded and analysed. Males flew faster and straighter, with less counterturning, and heading more directly into the wind when they were 9-11 m away from the odour source than when they were 1-3 m away. Regardless of their distance from the source or the windspeed, they maintained an average groundspeed of c. 200 cm s(-1), except when they arrived within 1 m of the source, when their groundspeed slowed significantly, Two or more males flying in the plume at the same instant often exhibited either extremely straight and directly upwind tracks or else zigzagging tracks with significant counterturning (as did males flying through the field of view of the cameras at slightly different times). The males' position, either in the centre of the plume's axis or along one side, might explain these differences in track straightness, which previous studies with H.virescens have shown to be caused by higher frequencies of contact with plume filaments. When a significant shift in wind direction occurred, males tended to make an initial movement in the direction of the shift, perhaps due to latencies of response in both the olfactory and visual systems associated with flying into clean air. The males' behaviour in the field overall was similar to that observed in the wind tunnel, except that their airspeeds and groundspeeds were significantly higher than those observed in the laboratory. The fact that they flew faster in the field can be explained both by the significantly higher windspeeds that males need to compensate for in the field to attain a preferred velocity of image motion, as well as by a higher height of flight over the ground in the field causing a slower apparent motion of images at a given groundspeed compared with the laboratory.
引用
收藏
页码:277 / 285
页数:9
相关论文
共 31 条
[1]  
BAKER TC, 1984, PHYSIOL ENTOMOL, V9, P365, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3032.1984.tb00777.x
[2]   Pheromone-mediated optomotor anemotaxis and altitude control exhibited by male oriental fruit moths in the field [J].
Baker, TC ;
Haynes, KF .
PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY, 1996, 21 (01) :20-32
[3]   FIELD AND LABORATORY ELECTROANTENNOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF PHEROMONE PLUME STRUCTURE CORRELATED WITH ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH BEHAVIOR [J].
BAKER, TC ;
HAYNES, KF .
PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY, 1989, 14 (01) :1-12
[4]  
Baker TC, 1990, 10TH P INT S OLF TAS, P18
[5]  
BAKER TC, 1986, NSF NATO S, P39
[6]  
BAKER TC, 1994, OLFACTION TASTE, V11, P838
[7]  
David C.T., 1989, P17
[8]   FINDING OF A SEX-PHEROMONE SOURCE BY GYPSY MOTHS RELEASED IN THE FIELD [J].
DAVID, CT ;
KENNEDY, JS ;
LUDLOW, AR .
NATURE, 1983, 303 (5920) :804-806
[9]  
Kaissling K.-E., 1990, Verhandlungen der Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft, V83, P109
[10]  
Kennedy J.S., 1986, P11