Investigating the relationship between myocardial infarction and the ratio of glycated albumin to glycated hemoglobin in patients admitted to cardiac ward

Introduction Diabetes mellitus is an associated risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). There is a growing interest in myocardial infarction (MI) to better understand the relationship between hyperglycemia and CVD. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is the standard measure for assessing glucose regulation in diabetes mellitus and an indicator of potential cardiovascular risk and exposure to glucose concentrations over a duration of approximately 3 months. Glycated albumin (GA) may be useful for evaluating hyperglycemia in settings in which HbA1c screening is problematic or inaccessible. Another indicator that has been considered recently is the GA/HbA1c ratio. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between GA/HbA1c and the presence of MI and identify the sugar fluctuations as a suitable indicator for early screening and prevention of MI. Methods This was a case-control study of diabetic patients with MI and patients with type 2 diabetes with no history of heart problems. Each group consisted of 117 participants (117 cases and 117 controls), and the total number of participants was 234. The data collection tools included laboratory tests and a demographic questionnaire. Each patient was assigned to either the case or the control group in a simple and convenient way and the relationship between MI and the GA/HbA1c ratio was investigated. Results The findings of this study indicated that the ratio of glycated albumin to glycated hemoglobin was higher in the case group with MI than the control group (p = 0.001). To achieve the objectives of the study, descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney test were used to analyze the data. Conclusion This study revealed the relationship between MI and the GA/HbA1c ratio. It can be said that prior to the occurrence of MI, blood glucose levels are a good indicator of recent glucose fluctuations, as well as the prediction and occurrence of MI. Therefore, the improved control of blood sugar and avoidance of high fluctuation may prevent MI from occurring.