Electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels: An overview of oxide reduction in pyroprocessing technology

被引:133
作者
Choi, Eun-Young [1 ]
Jeong, Sang Mun [2 ]
机构
[1] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Daejeon 34057, South Korea
[2] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 1 Chungdae Ro, Cheongju 28644, Chungbuk, South Korea
基金
新加坡国家研究基金会;
关键词
Pyroprocessing; Electrochemical reduction; Electrorefining; Molten salt; Spent oxide fuel; WATER REACTOR-FUEL; ELECTROLYTIC REDUCTION; METAL-OXIDES; URANIUM OXIDE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; GRAPHITE ANODE; SOLID UO2; MOLTEN; DEOXIDATION; BEHAVIOR;
D O I
10.1016/j.pnsc.2015.11.001
中图分类号
T [工业技术];
学科分类号
08 ;
摘要
The electrochemical reduction process has been used to reduce spent oxide fuel to a metallic form using pyroprocessing technology for a closed fuel cycle in combination with a metal-fuel fast reactor. In the electrochemical reduction process, oxides fuels are loaded at the cathode basket in molten Li2O- LiCl salt and electrochemically reduced to the metal form. Various approaches based on thermodynamic calculations and experimental studies have been used to understand the electrode reaction and efficiently treat spent fuels. The factors that affect the speed of the electrochemical reduction have been determined to optimize the process and scale-up the electrolysis cell. In addition, demonstrations of the integrated series of processes (electrorefining and salt distillation) with the electrochemical reduction have been conducted to realize the oxide fuel cycle. This overview provides insight into the current status of and issues related to the electrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels. (C) 2015 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Materials Research Society.
引用
收藏
页码:572 / 582
页数:11
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