Parental Snoring and Environmental Pollutants, but Not Aeroallergen Sensitization, Are Associated with Childhood Snoring in a Birth Cohort

The objective of this studywas to determinewhether atopy and other clinical and environmental variables predict the risk of childhood habitual snoring (HS) in a birth cohort born to atopic parents. Participants completed clinical evaluations and questionnaires at ages 1-4 and age 7. HS was defined as snoring >= 3 nights/week. Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure was estimated using land-use regression. The association between early (<= age 4) and current (age 7) allergic disease, environmental exposures, and snoring at age 7 was examined using adjusted logistic regression. Of the 609 children analyzed the prevalence of HS at age 7 was 21%. Early tobacco smoke exposure [environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)] [odds ratio (OR) 1.79, 95% CI (confidence interval) 1.12-2.84], rhinitis (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.06-2.92), wheezing (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.05-2.53), maternal HS (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.36-3.18), and paternal HS (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.14-3.00) were significantly associated with HS at age 7. Current TRAP (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.13-3.26), respiratory infections (OR1.16, 95% 1.03-1.35), maternalHS(OR2.86, 95% CI 1.69-4.84), and paternal HS (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.82-5.09) were significantly associated with HS at age 7. To our knowledge, this is the largest birth cohort examining longitudinal predictors of snoring in children born to atopic parents. Parental HS was the only variable consistently associated with childhood HS fromages 1 to 7. Early rhinitis, early ETS exposure, and concurrent traffic pollution exposure increased the risk of HS at age 7, while aeroallergen sensitization did not. Children with these characteristics should be considered for screening of sleep disorders.