Efficacy of intratympanic corticosteroid as a salvage treatment in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Introduction: Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) is defined as an abrupt hearing loss of at least 30 dB of unknown cause. The hearing response obtained after intratympanic steroid injection as a salvage treatment after a prior failure of initial systemic steroid treatment was analysed. Material and method: An observational study was performed on 125 cases of ISSHL who were diagnosed from 2006 to 2014. Sixteen achieved complete recovery after one week according to Siegel's criteria. The remaining 109 cases were analysed in two groups: one that received intratympanic corticosteroid salvage therapy (treatment group) and one that did not (control group). The recovery was analysed after 6 months and 2 years of follow-up. Results: The difference between each group at baseline were not statistically significant. After systemic treatment for 7 days, PTA in the control group was 53.13 dB and 66.11 dB in the treatment group (P< .01). After 6 months, the mean PTA improvement was 10.84 dB in the treatment group, and 1.13 dB in the control group, a significant difference (P< .0001). Only 10 cases achieved full hearing recovery after intratympanic corticosteroid salvage therapy, none of the patients did so in the control group. Conclusion: Intratympanic corticosteroid rescue for ISSHL acheived hearing improvement for the cases with failure of initial systemic corticosteroid treatment. However, this treatment did not provide complete hearing recovery according to Siegel's criteria in most cases. (C) 2018 Sociedad Espanola de Otorrinolaringologia y Cirugia de Cabeza y Cuello. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.