A penguin on the moon: Self-organizational processes in improvisational music therapy in neurological rehabilitation

This article investigates improvisational music therapy in neurological rehabilitation with the intention of developing a theoretical frame for this music therapy method. Indications found in the literature, two case vignettes from the author's clinical practice, and concepts from systems theory are integrated and discussed in a descriptive-narrative approach. The article suggests improvisational music therapy as an autopoietic, dynamic system with seven specific components facilitating self-organizational processes of the individuals involved. These components capture both the complexity and the specific features of improvisational music therapy in neurological rehabilitation. In addition they provide criteria for the application, implementation, as well as for the documentation and evaluation of therapeutic improvisations. Finally, implications for the conceptualization of clinical music therapy practice and research are presented and discussed.