The Preparation-Practice Gap: An Integrative Literature Review

被引:73
作者
Hickerson, Kirsten A. [1 ,2 ]
Taylor, Laura A. [3 ]
Terhaar, Mary F. [4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Penn, Family & Community Nursing, Fagin Hall 4011U,418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[2] Univ Penn, Pediat, Fagin Hall 4011U,418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[3] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Daniel K Inouye Grad Sch Nursing, Clin Educ FNP DNP Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
[4] Case Western Reserve Univ, Frances Payne Bolton Sch Nursing, Acad Affairs, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
关键词
GRADUATE NURSES; PRECEPTORSHIP PROGRAM; RESIDENCY PROGRAM; PERCEPTIONS; TRANSITION; TURNOVER; WORK; COMPETENCE; QUALITY; ORIENTATION;
D O I
10.3928/00220124-20151230-06
中图分类号
R47 [护理学];
学科分类号
1011 ;
摘要
Background: The purpose of this integrative literature review was to evaluate and synthesize the evidence regarding the existence, extent, and significance of a preparation-practice gap-namely, the deficits in knowledge and skills that novice nurses may demonstrate on entry into the clinical setting and the identified best practices to narrow this gap. Method: An integrative literature review was performed. Results: A final set of 50 articles were included in the review. Three main themes permeate the evidence: a preparation-practice gap exists; this gap is costly; and closing the preparation-practice gap will likely rely on changes in undergraduate education and on-the-job remediation (i.e., nurse residency or preceptor programs). Conclusions: The preparation-practice gap is a challenge that has faced the nursing profession for years. Efforts to close this gap can be justified on the hopes of decreasing turnover (and its attendant costs), boosting morale of novice nurses and their preceptors, decreasing stress among the novice nurses, and improving patient safety.
引用
收藏
页码:17 / 23
页数:7
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