The effect of installed photovoltaic panels on the aesthetic perception and evaluation of the mosque architectural form in Jordan

Purpose - This study aims to evaluate the effect of the installed photovoltaic (PV) systems on the aesthetic perception of the mosque's architectural form. It also aims to develop a framework for integrating PV cells with the various elements of the building type. Design/methodology/approach - The study adopted a mixed-method approach comprising both qualitative and quantitative techniques for data collection procedures. This includes surveys, literature review, focus groups and an experiment. Findings - The results revealed a negative impact of the building-applied PV panels on people's perception of the mosque's architectural form. However, integrating the PV rells with the mosque form was perceived as more aesthetically pleasing. Certain integrating PV strategies integrated more harmoniously with certain mosque styles. Research limitations/implications - This study is focused on limited styles of one building type. Extra research is needed to explore the differences between the different participated groups. Originality/value - There is a lack of research that explores the ways the installed PV systems impact the users architectural aesthetic perception of the mosque. This study informs the design process and practice and construction industry by highlighting the opportunities PV systems, as a legitimate sustainable energy resource, offers to architects and manufacturers.