Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents: risk factors versus resilience moderation

被引：79

作者：

Fincham, Dylan S. ^{[1
]}

Altes, Lucas Korthals ^{[1
]}

Stein, Dan J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Seedat, Soraya ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Psychiat, MRC Unit Anxiety & Stress Disorders, ZA-7505 Cape Town, South Africa

[2] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, ZA-7700 Cape Town, South Africa

来源：

COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY | 2009年 / 50卷 / 03期

关键词：

GENDER-DIFFERENCES; CHILDREN; TRAUMA; EXPOSURE; PTSD; MALTREATMENT; DEPRESSION; VIOLENCE; YOUTH;

D O I：

10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.09.001

中图分类号：

R749 [精神病学];

学科分类号：

100205 ;

摘要：

Background: Exposure to Community violence and trauma, stress, and childhood abuse and neglect have been identified as risk factors for the development of posuraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among adolescents. Although evidence suggests that resilience may moderate the relationship between some of these risk factors and PTSD symptoms, no Studies to date have examined these risk factors collectively. Aims: Our first aim was to examine the relationship between exposure to community violence, childhood abuse and neglect, perceived stress, and PTSD symptoms. Our second aim was to examine the extent to which resilience moderated the relationship between risk factors and PTSD symptoms. Method: A convenience sample of 787 participants was drawn from 5 public secondary schools in the Cape Town metropole Of South Africa. The participants were invited to complete a battery of questionnaires on a single occasion. Results: Of the participants, 48.3% were Black, 58.6% were female, and 31.6% were in grade 8. After controlling for covariates, we found that exposure to community violence, perceived stress, and childhood abuse and neglect together accounted for 33.4% of the variance in PTSD Symptoms (F-8.778, = 71.06, P <.001). Nevertheless, resilience moderated the relationship between childhood abuse and symptoms of PTSE, (beta =.09, t(786) = 2.88, P <.001), where the independent effect of childhood abuse and neglect on PTSD symptoms was significantly reduced with increasing resilience. Resilience did not, however, interact with exposure to community violence or perceived levels of stress to influence PTSD symptoms. Conclusion: High levels of exposure to community violence, perceived stress, and childhood abuse and neglect may contribute to the development of PTSD symptoms in South African adolescents. However, high levels of resilience may buffer the negative effects of childhood abuse and neglect. (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved,

引用

页码：193 / 199

页数：7

共 38 条

[1] Assault, PTSD, family substance use, and depression as risk factors for cigarette use in youth: Findings from the national survey of adolescents [J].