Geocoding for public health research: Empirical comparison of two geocoding services applied to Canadian cities

被引:18
作者
Shah, Tayyab Ikram [1 ]
Bell, Scott [1 ]
Wilson, Kathi [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geog & Planning, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto Mississauga, Dept Geog, Mississauga, ON, Canada
来源
CANADIAN GEOGRAPHER-GEOGRAPHE CANADIEN | 2014年 / 58卷 / 04期
关键词
Urban geocoding; primary health care; health geography; automated geocoding; positional uncertainty; geocodage urbain; soins de sante primaires; geographie de la sante; geocodage automatise; incertitude de positionnement; POSITIONAL ACCURACY; ACCESS; CARE; PHYSICIANS; GIS;
D O I
10.1111/cag.12091
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学]; K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
The process of geocoding, particularly the street address matching process, is a commonly used technique to obtain locational information for public health research. In health care accessibility research, geocoded locations of health care providers are an essential element for measuring potential access to health care. Our objective is to compare the geocoding match rates and positional variation of two geocoding procedures by using street network and postal code datasets to geocode primary health care services in 14 cities. The first procedure uses a manually built geocoding service using DMTI Spatial (DMTI) reference datasets while the second employs an online geocoding service provided as a built-in tool in ArcGIS, with ESRI Tele Atlas reference datasets. Results for Tele Atlas postal code and DMTI multiple enhanced postal codes (MEP) reference datasets produce much higher match rates (99.4%; 98.0% respectively) than street reference datsasets; while results of Tele Atlas street dataset produce better match rates (96.5%) than the DMTI street dataset (90.0%). Geocoding methods using Tele Atlas and DMTI Street datasets produce more accurate locations than postal code and MEP reference datasets. Empirical comparison of the geocoding results based on manually built and online geocoding services highlight the need for integrated geocoding procedures for increasing match rates with reduced positional uncertainty. Resume Le processus de geocodage, notamment le processus d'appariement des adresses civiques, est une technique couramment employee en vue d'obtenir des renseignements de localisation dans la recherche en sante publique. Dans les travaux de recherche portant sur l'accessibilite aux services de sante, les localisations geocodees des fournisseurs de services de soins de sante constituent des elements de premiere importance pour estimer le niveau d'acces aux soins de sante. L'objectif poursuivi est d'etablir, a partir de bases de donnees sur le reseau routier et les codes postaux, une comparaison entre les taux d'appariement par geocodage et la variation de positionnement de deux operations de geocodage afin de proceder a la localisation par geocodage des services de soins de sante primaires dans 14 villes. La premiere operation se realise par un service de geocodage configure manuellement en utilisant des ensembles de donnees de reference de DMTI Spatial. La seconde operation se sert d'un service de geocodage en ligne fourni en tant qu'outil integre du logiciel ArcGIS, avec les ensembles de donnees de reference de Tele Atlas de l'ESRI. Les resultats tires des codes postaux de Tele Atlas ainsi que les ensembles de donnees de reference multiples sur les codes postaux ameliores (CPA) de DMTI produisent des taux d'appariement superieurs (99,4% et 98,0%, respectivement) a ceux des ensembles de donnees de reference sur le reseau routier, bien que les resultats tires des donnees routieres de Tele Atlas donnent de meilleurs taux d'appariement (96,5%) que celles de DMTI (90,0%). Les methodes de geocodage fondees sur Tele Atlas et les ensembles de donnees routieres de DMTI fournissent des localisations plus precises que celles fondees sur les codes postaux et les ensembles de donnees de reference de type CPA. La comparaison empirique des resultats de geocodage realisee a partir des services de geocodage configures manuellement et en ligne met en lumiere la necessite d'integration des operations de geocodage afin d'augmenter les taux d'appariement, tout en reduisant les incertitudes de positionnement.
引用
收藏
页码:400 / 417
页数:18
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