Quantum spin ice: a search for gapless quantum spin liquids in pyrochlore magnets

被引：426

作者：

Gingras, M. J. P. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

McClarty, P. A. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[2] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada

[3] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada

[4] Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, D-01187 Dresden, Germany

来源：

REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS | 2014年 / 77卷 / 05期

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;

关键词：

spin ice; quantum spin ice; geometrical frustration; spin liquid; artificial photon; rare-earth magnetism; LOW-TEMPERATURE; GAUGE-FIELDS; QUARK CONFINEMENT; RESIDUAL ENTROPY; COULOMB PHASE; LATTICE; STATE; FRUSTRATION; MONOPOLES; DYNAMICS;

D O I：

10.1088/0034-4885/77/5/056501

中图分类号：

O4 [物理学];

学科分类号：

0702 ;

摘要：

The spin ice materials, including Ho2Ti2O7 and Dy2Ti2O7, are rare-earth pyrochlore magnets which, at low temperatures, enter a constrained paramagnetic state with an emergent gauge freedom. Spin ices provide one of very few experimentally realized examples of fractionalization because their elementary excitations can be regarded as magnetic monopoles and, over some temperature range, spin ice materials are best described as liquids of these emergent charges. In the presence of quantum fluctuations, one can obtain, in principle, a quantum spin liquid descended from the classical spin ice state characterized by emergent photon-like excitations. Whereas in classical spin ices the excitations are akin to electrostatic charges with a mutual Coulomb interaction, in the quantum spin liquid these charges interact through a dynamic and emergent electromagnetic field. In this review, we describe the latest developments in the study of such a quantum spin ice, focusing on the spin liquid phenomenology and the kinds of materials where such a phase might be found.

引用

页数：26

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