Differences between screening sites in a glaucoma screening program

OBJECTIVE To determine the differences in demographic variables, glaucoma risk factors, and visual acuity by type of screening site. METHODS We conducted glaucoma screenings throughout the city of Baltimore. A questionnaire collected information about age, race, and risk factors: having a relative with glaucoma, having diabetes, having a past eye injury or surgery, and not having an eye examination within two years. We also tested visual acuity and visual fields. We categorized screening sites into work places, senior centers, health fairs, and church groups, and created age-race groups by combining age and race categories. RESULTS This study is based on 1,366 people screened at 42 different sites. The majority of people screened were African-American (65%) and female (58%), with a mean age of 48 years. We found significant age and race differences between the screening sites. After stratifying by age-race groups, we found statistically significant associations between screening sites and not having a recent eye examination (P = .009) and visual acuity (P = .001). Health fairs had the largest percentage of people not having a recent eye examination, and senior centers had the largest percentage of people with poor visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed differences in age and race between screening sites. After conducting stratified analysis, differences between screening sites and recent eye examinations and visual acuity persisted. These differences in screening sites, as well as objectives of the vision screening, should be considered when planning a screening program to help focus the program on appropriate high-risk subgroups of the population.